Whatever exam you used to study computer has become an important part in their life. Cpu or central processing unit is the brain of the computer system. Show the various parts of a computer and explain their functions. All five of these elements work together to allow the computer to function properly. Central processing unit cpu consists of the following features. Second is the control unit cu, which manages the various components of the computer. Still and video scanners graphics tablets bar code reader radio frequency idrfid touch screen. Five basic components of computer system bytenotes. Cpu performs all types of data processing operations.
Different computers are assembled differently, so it varies somewhat from one computer to another. Gerbing school of business administration portland state university computer components central processing unit cpu characteristics other components of a computer analogue vs. It is just like brain that takes all major decisions, makes all sorts of calculations and directs different parts of the computer functions by. In a smart programmable device, only the cpu performs the main task to complete the aim of that device. This internal component is inserted directly into a socket on the motherboard. Cpu registers and their functions registers are arguably the most important components of cpu. As the instructions become more complicated for example, creating a 3d animation or editing a video file, we demand more from the cpu. Block diagram of computer and explain its various components. The five elements of a computer system are datapath, control, memory, input and output. It stores data, intermediate results, and instructions program.
A computer system consists of mainly four basic units. Central processing unit cpu a cpu is brain of a computer. In this article, you will find a detail explanation of the main cpu components. A motherboard or also know as system board, is the main circuit board of the system. A motherboard is also known as the system board or the main board. Central processing unit is the brain of your computer, the more powerful it is, the better the performance and the. The processors function is to control the activities of the computer system.
This register holds the address in memory where cpu wants to read or write data. List of computer file extensions and their meaning. If a computer is not available, draw a diagram on the blackboard or distribute pictures. Components of a central processing unit cpu the central processing unit cpu, the brain of a computer, is a piece of hardware that carries out the instructions of a computer program. Regarding computing power, the cpu is the most important element of a computer.
Introduce the key components of a computer system hardware, software, data. Central processing unit further includes arithmetic logic unit and control unit, as shown in the figure a computer performs five major operations or functions irrespective of. Demonstrate the function of each part of the computer. In a human body, all major decisions are taken by the brain and the other parts of the body function as directed by the brain. Some of these are the hard drive, motherboard and the processor chip cpu. The cpu has two components which are responsible for different functions.
Computer cpucentral processing unit tutorialspoint. It must be understood that the mechanical circuits would operate much slower than their electronic counterparts and onetoone correlation can never be achieved. Regarding computing power, the cpu is the most important element of a computer system. Computer hardware is an integral part embedded in all modern day automobiles, microwave ovens, electrocardiograph machines, compact disc players, and other devices. The cpu central processing unit is normally an intel pentium or equivalent and it is one of the most important components within your computer. The comparisons will, however, give an insight to each of the fundamental electronic components used in every electronic product. The computer case is the metal and plastic box that contains the main components of the computer, including the motherboard, central processing unit cpu, and power supply. Either you will be applying online with the help of computer or attend the exam online or study the material through system. While the term computer can apply to virtually any device that has a microprocessor in it, most people think of a computer as a device that receives input from the user through a mouse or keyboard, processes it in some fashion and displays the result on a screen. Typically the hard disk or flash disk is formatted with a file system which. Commonly, files represent programs both source and object forms and data.
Files are clumps of computer data stored somewhere in your computer. A brief description of most important cpu s registers and their functions are given below. The front of the case usually has an onoff button and one or more optical drives computer cases come in different shapes and sizes. At the most basic level, a computer is a device consisting of three pieces. The auxiliary port can function similarly to a console port, and can be accessed using a rollover cable. Quite simply, computer hardware is the physical components that a computer.
Each and every instruction no matter how complex or simple, it has to go through the cpu. The cpu central processing unit or processor is responsible for processing all. At a fundamental level, computers operate through these four functions. Case or tower this is the plastic box that contains the computer. The input and the output elements of a computer are the elements with which end users interact. The cpu made with different small unit like flag, register, etc. These elements include input devices such as keyboards, mice and external drives. Other functions of the memory controller include a series of tasks that include.
The term computer hardware refers to the physical components of a computer, namely keyboard, monitor, mouse, and printer, including the digital circuitry. Modems, disk drives, printers, scanners, keyboards. As figure 1 shows, the central processing unit consists of two parts. The control unit and the arithmetic and logic unit of a computer system are jointly known as the central processing unit cpu. Indicate the microprocessor and heat sink and explain that this is responsible for controlling all of the.
These electronic components are basic electronic parts packaged in a discrete form with two or. Above a fancooled heat sink on the processor of a pc. Hardware refers the physical parts of the computer, and software refers to the. The central processing unit cpu is the main chip in a computer. The first is the arithmetic logic unit alu, which performs simple arithmetic and logical operations. Purpose and function of the cpu teachers notes time min activity further notes 10 props. Document a file you create, as opposed to the application that. The system unit system unit is case that has electronic components of the computer used to process data. File extensions indicate the file format or file type.
Parts of a computer class iii, iv and v thinking of. What are the functions of all the parts of a computer. What are the different internal parts of a cpu and their functions. Pdf parts and functions of motherboard raymond black. Computer literacy part 3 computer types and functions. I will give you the basic parts of a standard desktop computer. Building pc by put component together and trouble shoot.
File management a file is a collection of related information defined by its creator. It determines how fast your computer will run and is measured by its mhz speed. Purpose and function of the cpu supporting the gcse in. This function is separated into four functions or steps for every operation.
Identifying specialized input devices game controllers digital cameras. Related terms are defined and basic computer functions are explained. It is used either of the way components of computer pdf file download here, it is very useful for bank computer knowledge section. If the ios cannot find a startupconfig file in nvram.
The operating system is responsible for the following activities in connections with file management. Each component of the computer does its part to ensure that the whole computer functions correctly. It controls the operation of all parts of the computer. Thus a 600 mhz pentium is much faster than say a 400 mhz pentium cpu. Every operation that is carried out, including key strokes, opening and closing programs, and saving files, is carried out by the cpu.
Any digital computer carries out five functions in gross terms. What are the four basic functions of a computer system. The central processing unit cpu is considered the brains of a computer. Explained main components of cpu and their functions. Components of cpu and its role with function of control. Although a computer can function only when both hardware and software are. The alu and the cu of a computer system are jointly known as the central processing unit. The keyboard and its parts grade 1 lesson 4 damascus educational center of scholars. File extensions consist of three or four characters, although in rare cases it could be two. Peripherals are devices that connect to the system unit and is controlled by the processor in the computer. You may call cpu as the brain of any computer system.
Functions and components of the central processing unit cpu. Computer component and their functions identifying specialized inputoutput devices. Nvram is nonvolatile, thus its contents will survive a powercycle. Cpu registers and their functions cpu registers and. Show the students the location components such as the memory, video and sound cards etc. Internal components the motherboard is the main printed circuit board and contains the buses, or electrical pathways, found in a computer. Computer components any kind of computers consists of hardware and software. Some programs you use may instruct you to use these keys. What are the different internal parts of a cpu and their. Functions of cpu varies from data processing to controlling inputoutput devices. Electronic components function depends on type and need of the circuit. While the term computer can apply to almost any device that has a microprocessor in it, most people think of a computer as a device that receives input from the user through a mouse or keyboard, processes it in some fashion and displays the result on a screen. The cpu does the active running of code, manipulating data, while the other. Are the major systems that this brain uses to control the rest of the computer.
These buses allow data to travel between the various components that comprise a computer. A desktop case lies flat on a desk, and the monitor usually sits on top of it. Housed in the case, you will find the floppy drive, cd rom drive, and the main components of the computer. In this lesson you will learn about the main parts of a. Partition the hard disk to make hard disk recognizable by the system as drive c, drive d and more.